Abstract
Hormones are major systemic regulators of homeostatic functions. Not surprisingly,
most endocrine signals show some extent of variation across the day. This holds true
for the three major hormonal axes of the body originating from the hypothalamus, relayed
by the pituitary and terminating in the adrenal (HPA axis), the thyroid (HPT axis),
and the gonads (HPG axis), respectively. The rhythmicity of endocrine axis formation
has important functions for the maintenance of homeostasis and stabilizes physiological
functions against external perturbations. In some cases, such as cortisol, hormonal
signals are themselves implicated in circadian regulation and, thus, endocrine disruption
may affect the function of the circadian clock network to alter further downstream
processes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 22, 2018
Accepted:
October 20,
2018
Received in revised form:
October 18,
2018
Received:
September 4,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
