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Research Article| Volume 218, P87-93, May 2019

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Clinical features of prolonged tilt-induced hypotension with an apparent vasovagal mechanism, but without syncope

Published:March 09, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2019.03.001
Clinical features of prolonged tilt-induced hypotension with an apparent vasovagal mechanism, but without syncope
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      Abstract

      Background

      A previous study of electroencephalography (EEG) changes with syncope led to a finding that some young patients develop prolonged periods of tilt-induced hypotension, but they do not lose consciousness. The present study aim was to compare patterns of hemodynamic changes, measures of duration, and sweating between these patients and patients with tilt-induced vasovagal syncope.

      Methods

      In an observational study, qualitative changes in hemodynamic parameters were compared between patients with prolonged hypotension (n = 30) and with syncope (n = 30). To demonstrate that periods of hypotension far-exceed the typical presyncope period, several parameters were used to compare the durations of events between groups. Differences in sweating patterns were explored.

      Results

      Parallels in hemodynamic changes were present in both groups suggesting similar vasovagal mechanisms. Patients with prolonged hypotension had longer durations of hypotension (165 ± 44 versus 57 ± 13 s, p < 0.001), diminished cardiac output (109 ± 38 versus 32 ± 9 s, p < 0.001), and EEG slowing (85 ± 31 versus 9 ± 4 s, p < 0.001) compared to patients with syncope. While all patients generated an increase in sweat rate, those with hypotension only developed a robust sweat response that always preceded the plateau in hypotension compared to 14 (47%) patients with syncope who developed an increase in sweating prior to syncope, p < 0.001.

      Conclusions

      Similarities are present among hemodynamic changes with prolonged hypotension and with tilt-induced vasovagal syncope, suggesting a possible vasovagal mechanism for prolonged hypotension. If true, understanding why some individuals develop a vasovagal response that does not culminate in rapid syncope may help to elucidate the physiologic underpinnings of the vasovagal reflex.

      Keywords

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      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: March 09, 2019
      Accepted: March 8, 2019
      Received in revised form: March 8, 2019
      Received: December 20, 2018

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2019.03.001

      Copyright

      © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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